Every tested lot ships with its certificate, its batch number and a key you check on the lab’s own site. See the certificates →

Order before 11am CST for same-day dispatch

Ouralusouralus
Research question

Endogenous vs exogenous glutathione — what does the research measure?

The short answer

Answered from published research literature only. It describes what that literature examines; it is not a statement about use in people. Glutathione is investigational research material and is not an approved product.

Most published glutathione research measures the endogenous pool that cells synthesise themselves, rather than molecule supplied from outside. The two are linked by degradation and resynthesis rather than by direct transfer.613718922995213

The intact tripeptide is not generally carried across the plasma membrane. Extracellular gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase cleaves it to amino acids, which are re-imported and re-assembled inside the cell.3042770722995213

The records that speak to the exogenous case are the ones that measured the systemic availability of oral glutathione directly.13629562221062

Cited literature

  1. GlutathioneMeister A, Anderson ME · Annual Review of Biochemistry · 1983PMID 6137189 ↗
  2. Glutathione synthesisLu SC · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta · 2013PMID 22995213 ↗
  3. Glutathione: subcellular distribution and membrane transportOestreicher J, Morgan B · Biochemistry and Cell Biology · 2019PMID 30427707 ↗
  4. The systemic availability of oral glutathioneWitschi A, et al. · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · 1992PMID 1362956 ↗
  5. Bioavailability of dietary glutathione: effect on plasma concentrationHagen TM, et al. · American Journal of Physiology · 1990PMID 2221062 ↗

Research-literature characterization, provided for research context only. For laboratory research use only. Not for human consumption.

Where to read more